Aron Keith Barbey, University of Notre Dame

Research in the psychological and brain sciences has long sought to understand the nature of human intelligence, examining the stunning breadth and diversity of intellectual abilities and the remarkable neural mechanisms from which they arise. Rather than originate from a fixed set of cortical regions or a primary brain network, recent discoveries in Network Neuroscience suggest that intelligence emerges from a rich constellation of networks whose functions are orchestrated in a flexible, goal-directed manner. Although our understanding of neural dynamics and plasticity is guided by insights from the early twentieth century, we are only now beginning to establish methods to target and enhance network function and to accelerate the science and engineering of intelligence through Network Neuroscience. In this presentation, I illustrate how research in this emerging field is uncovering the network architecture of general intelligence and driving innovation in the design of neuroscience-guided interventions to enhance executive functions, with a focus on the network mechanisms of cognitive control. I explain how research in Network Neuroscience: (1) examines the nature and origins of intelligence through a multifaceted lens, calling for a synthesis of research across the cognitive, computational, and brain sciences; (2) establishes multimodal interventions to target multiple pathways for cognitive enhancement, engaging executive, social, and emotional brain networks (through skill-based cognitive training, non-invasive brain stimulation, mindfulness meditation, physical fitness training, and nutritional intervention); (3) applies statistical machine learning methods to engineer personalized training protocols based on multivariate performance phenotypes (derived from cognitive, genomic, and brain imaging data); and, finally, I show how Network Neuroscience: (4) inspires new perspectives about the dynamic and adaptive nature of intelligence, motivating novel insights about how intelligence is cultivated through learning and experience, is enabled by lifestyle choices that promote health and wellness, and is altered by psychiatric illness and traumatic brain injury.

about the speaker

Aron K. Barbey is the Andrew J. McKenna Family Professor of Psychology at the University of Notre Dame, where he directs the Human Neuroimaging Center and the Decision Neuroscience Laboratory. Dr. Barbey’s research investigates how intelligence emerges from the network organization and dynamics of the human connectome, applying methods from network neuroscience, cognitive psychology, and computer science. His work aims to achieve a deeper understanding of the neural foundations of intelligence and to enable scientific innovation in cognitive enhancement, neurorehabilitation, and biologically inspired artificial intelligence. His research has been supported by the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, the Department of Defense, the White House BRAIN Initiative, the National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation, and private industry (Abbott Nutrition, Google Brain, and PepsiCo). Dr. Barbey has received multiple research awards and is co-editor of the Cambridge Handbook of Intelligence and Cognitive Neuroscience and editor of the forthcoming Oxford Handbook of Cognitive Enhancement and Brain Plasticity. In 2023, Dr. Barbey was appointed to the United States Defense Science Study Group at the Institute for Defense Analyses. He earned his doctorate in Psychology from Emory University and completed a research fellowship in Cognitive Neuroscience at the National Institutes of Health.